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GLM-4.5

Zhipu AI's flagship open-source large language model designed specifically for agentic AI applications, featuring 355B total parameters with 32B active per inference and MIT licensing.

Starting at$0 model license fee under MIT license; self-hosting infrastructure not included
Visit GLM-4.5 →
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In Plain English

Zhipu AI's flagship open-source large language model designed specifically for agentic AI applications, featuring 355B total parameters with 32B active per inference and MIT licensing.

OverviewFeaturesPricingUse CasesLimitationsFAQAlternatives

Overview

GLM-4.5 is an AI Models open-weight large language model that gives developers a commercially usable foundation for agentic reasoning, coding, tool use, and multilingual text workflows, with open weights available at no model license cost and hosted API pricing available through Z.AI and supported providers. It targets AI engineers, product teams, research labs, and enterprises that need self-hostable agent infrastructure rather than a closed hosted assistant.

GLM-4.5 is best understood as an agentic foundation model rather than a conventional voice-agent platform. The official material describes a Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 355 billion total parameters and 32 billion active parameters per forward pass, plus a lighter GLM-4.5-Air variant with 106 billion total parameters and 12 billion active parameters. Z.AI states that the series was pretrained on 15 trillion tokens, supports a 128K-token context window, and can generate up to 96K output tokens. The model is released under the MIT license, which is unusually permissive for a frontier-scale model and makes it suitable for commercial self-hosting, fine-tuning, internal copilots, and regulated deployments where data cannot be sent to a third-party SaaS endpoint.

Its strongest positioning is for agent-oriented software: tool invocation, web browsing, software engineering, structured JSON output, code-centric agents, and long-running workflows that benefit from a selectable Thinking Mode and Non-Thinking Mode. Z.AI reports a 63.2 aggregate score across 12 industry-standard benchmarks, with GLM-4.5-Air scoring 59.8, and says real-world agent coding was evaluated on 52 programming tasks across 6 domains. The website also lists 84.6% on MMLU, 26.4% on BrowseComp, and 90.6% tool success for coding-agent tasks, so buyers should evaluate it primarily on reasoning, coding, and tool reliability rather than pure conversational polish.

Compared with the 870+ AI tools in our directory, GLM-4.5 is unusual because its value is not packaged as a ready-made no-code voice agent builder. It is closer to DeepSeek-R1, Qwen3-Coder, Kimi-K2, Claude, or GPT-style model infrastructure: powerful, flexible, and developer-heavy. Compared to closed models, its main advantage is control through open weights and MIT licensing; compared to smaller open models, its main tradeoff is hardware complexity, with official full-context configurations calling for multi-H100 or multi-H200 deployments. API access may reduce the operations burden: Z.AI documentation lists GLM-4.5 API pricing at $0.60 per million input tokens, $0.11 per million cached input tokens, and $2.20 per million output tokens, while GLM-4.5-Air is listed at $0.20 per million input tokens, $0.03 per million cached input tokens, and $1.10 per million output tokens. Teams should still verify provider-specific pricing, rate limits, and regional availability before production use.

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Key Features

Mixture-of-Experts Architecture+

GLM-4.5 uses 355B total parameters with 32B active parameters per forward pass, giving it the capacity of a very large model while reducing per-token compute compared with a dense model of the same total size. This architecture is central to its positioning for agentic reasoning and coding tasks.

Hybrid Reasoning Modes+

The model supports Thinking Mode for complex reasoning, tool use, and multi-step planning, plus Non-Thinking Mode for faster direct answers. Developers can toggle reasoning behavior through the documented thinking parameter, which is useful when balancing latency against quality.

Long Context and Long Output+

Z.AI documentation lists a 128K-token context length and 96K maximum output tokens. That makes GLM-4.5 suitable for long documents, large code files, multi-turn agent traces, and workflows where the model must maintain broader working context.

Agent Tooling Support+

GLM-4.5 supports function calling, tool invocation, streaming output, context caching, and structured outputs such as JSON. These capabilities are important for production agents that need to call APIs, browse, operate development tools, or return machine-readable results.

Open Commercial Deployment+

The model weights are released under the MIT license, allowing commercial use, self-hosting, modification, and secondary development. This gives enterprises more control over data residency, model customization, and deployment architecture than closed hosted models.

Pricing Plans

Open Weights

$0 model license fee under MIT license; self-hosting infrastructure not included

  • ✓Downloadable GLM-4.5 model weights
  • ✓Commercial use permitted under MIT license
  • ✓Self-hosting and modification allowed
  • ✓Available BF16 and FP8 variants
  • ✓Base and hybrid reasoning model variants

GLM-4.5 API Access

$0.60 per 1M input tokens, $0.11 per 1M cached input tokens, and $2.20 per 1M output tokens on Z.AI; provider pricing may vary

  • ✓Hosted API access through Z.AI or supported providers
  • ✓Text input and text output
  • ✓Function calling and tool invocation support
  • ✓Streaming output support
  • ✓Structured output support

GLM-4.5-Air API Access

$0.20 per 1M input tokens, $0.03 per 1M cached input tokens, and $1.10 per 1M output tokens on Z.AI; provider pricing may vary

  • ✓Lower-cost hosted API access for the 106B total / 12B active GLM-4.5-Air model
  • ✓Text input and text output
  • ✓Function calling and tool invocation support
  • ✓Streaming output support
  • ✓Structured output support

Self-Hosted Production

$0 model license fee; infrastructure cost depends on GPU deployment, from H100 x 8 or H200 x 4 for GLM-4.5 FP8 standard inference up to H100 x 32 or H200 x 16 for GLM-4.5 BF16 full 128K context

  • ✓Private deployment in customer-controlled infrastructure
  • ✓Supports vLLM and SGLang serving paths
  • ✓Can use BF16 or FP8 model variants
  • ✓Official requirements list server memory above 1T for normal model loading and operation
  • ✓Suitable for regulated or data-sensitive workloads
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Best Use Cases

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Building a self-hosted customer-support voice agent where GLM-4.5 handles policy reasoning, tool calls, and structured next actions while separate services handle telephony, speech-to-text, and text-to-speech.

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Creating an internal software engineering agent that reads a large repository, plans changes, invokes development tools, and uses Thinking Mode for complex debugging or refactoring tasks.

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Running regulated enterprise assistants where sensitive prompts, retrieved documents, or customer records must stay inside a private cloud or on-prem GPU environment under an MIT-licensed model.

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Developing multilingual English-Chinese support workflows that require long-context document review, translation-aware responses, and tool invocation rather than simple chatbot replies.

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Benchmarking open-weight models against Claude, GPT, DeepSeek-R1, Qwen3-Coder, and Kimi-K2 for agent coding tasks before choosing a production model layer.

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Fine-tuning or adapting an open foundation model for domain-specific agent behavior, such as legal research triage, internal IT automation, financial document review, or technical support workflows.

Limitations & What It Can't Do

We believe in transparent reviews. Here's what GLM-4.5 doesn't handle well:

  • ⚠Hosted production costs are usage-based rather than packaged as a single SaaS plan: Z.AI lists GLM-4.5 at $0.60 per 1M input tokens, $0.11 per 1M cached input tokens, and $2.20 per 1M output tokens, while GLM-4.5-Air is listed at $0.20 per 1M input tokens, $0.03 per 1M cached input tokens, and $1.10 per 1M output tokens.
  • ⚠The model is text-in/text-out; voice use cases require separate speech recognition, speech synthesis, interruption handling, call routing, and latency management.
  • ⚠Self-hosting the full model requires substantial GPU infrastructure, with official full-context guidance listing multi-H100 or multi-H200 configurations.
  • ⚠Open weights shift operational responsibility to the user, including model serving, scaling, monitoring, security hardening, prompt logging, and abuse prevention.
  • ⚠Benchmark claims are useful starting points but should be validated on the buyer's own prompts, tools, languages, latency targets, and safety requirements.

Pros & Cons

✓ Pros

  • ✓MIT licensing allows commercial deployment, modification, self-hosting, and derivative work without the contractual limits common in closed frontier models.
  • ✓The 355B total / 32B active MoE design gives teams a frontier-scale model while activating a much smaller subset of parameters per inference.
  • ✓A 128K context window and 96K maximum output make it practical for long documents, large codebases, lengthy transcripts, and multi-step agent traces.
  • ✓Hybrid reasoning lets developers choose deeper Thinking Mode for complex tool use or Non-Thinking Mode for faster direct responses.
  • ✓Official documentation highlights function calling, structured output, streaming, context caching, and integration with code-agent environments such as Claude Code and Roo Code.
  • ✓The GLM-4.5-Air variant provides a smaller 106B total / 12B active option for teams that need a lower-cost deployment path.

✗ Cons

  • ✗It is not a turnkey voice-agent product; teams still need speech-to-text, text-to-speech, telephony, orchestration, monitoring, and safety layers for production voice workflows.
  • ✗Full self-hosting is hardware intensive: official full-context GLM-4.5 configurations list up to H100 x 32 or H200 x 16 for 128K-context BF16 inference.
  • ✗Hosted API pricing is token-based rather than a simple monthly SaaS plan, with Z.AI listing GLM-4.5 at $0.60 per 1M input tokens and $2.20 per 1M output tokens and GLM-4.5-Air at $0.20 per 1M input tokens and $1.10 per 1M output tokens.
  • ✗Although Z.AI reports strong open-model benchmark results, closed models such as Claude and GPT may still be easier to operate and may perform better in some enterprise support workflows.
  • ✗Some website setup examples reference older or adjacent GLM model names, so developers should rely on the current Z.AI docs or Hugging Face model card when deploying.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is GLM-4.5 actually a voice agent platform?+

No. GLM-4.5 is a large language model for agentic reasoning, coding, tool use, and text generation; it is listed here as an AI model rather than a turnkey voice-agent platform. To build a complete voice agent, you would still need speech recognition, text-to-speech, a call or realtime transport layer, state management, and production observability. GLM-4.5 is better suited to engineering teams building their own agent infrastructure than teams looking for a ready-made call center product.

What are the most important technical specs of GLM-4.5?+

The main GLM-4.5 model uses a Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 355 billion total parameters and 32 billion active parameters per forward pass. Z.AI documentation lists a 128K-token context length and up to 96K maximum output tokens. The series was pretrained on 15 trillion tokens and includes GLM-4.5-Air, a smaller 106B total / 12B active model for more cost-sensitive deployments. These numbers make it a large, infrastructure-heavy model rather than a lightweight local assistant.

Can GLM-4.5 be used commercially for free?+

Yes, the official materials state that GLM-4.5 and GLM-4.5-Air are released under the MIT open-source license. That allows commercial use, modification, self-hosting, and secondary development without paying a model license fee. However, free licensing does not mean free operation: self-hosting a 355B-parameter MoE model requires substantial GPU infrastructure, and hosted API providers charge usage-based token fees. Z.AI documentation lists GLM-4.5 at $0.60 per million input tokens, $0.11 per million cached input tokens, and $2.20 per million output tokens, with GLM-4.5-Air listed at $0.20 per million input tokens, $0.03 per million cached input tokens, and $1.10 per million output tokens.

How does GLM-4.5 compare with closed models like GPT or Claude?+

GLM-4.5's main advantage over closed models is control: teams can download weights, self-host, fine-tune, inspect deployment behavior, and avoid sending sensitive data to a third-party model API. Z.AI reports a 63.2 aggregate score across 12 benchmarks and positions GLM-4.5 as one of the strongest open-source models for reasoning, coding, and agent tasks. Closed models may still offer easier operations, stronger managed safety tooling, broader enterprise support, and simpler procurement. For teams with GPU capacity and model-serving expertise, GLM-4.5 is a serious open alternative; for teams without that infrastructure, a managed API may be more practical.

What hardware does GLM-4.5 require for self-hosting?+

GLM-4.5 is not designed for casual laptop deployment. The Hugging Face model card lists GLM-4.5 BF16 inference on H100 x 16 or H200 x 8, and full 128K-context BF16 inference on H100 x 32 or H200 x 16. FP8 reduces the requirement, with GLM-4.5 FP8 listed at H100 x 8 or H200 x 4 for standard inference and H100 x 16 or H200 x 8 for full 128K context. The same official requirements also state that server memory should exceed 1T for normal model loading and operation. Smaller teams should evaluate GLM-4.5-Air, quantized builds, or hosted APIs before committing to self-hosting.
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Alternatives to GLM-4.5

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Quick Info

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